Zvornik

Zvornik (, ) is a city in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 2013, it had a population of 58,856 inhabitants. Zvornik is located on the Drina River, on the eastern slopes of Majevica mountain, at the altitude of 146m.

The town of Mali Zvornik ("Little Zvornik") lies directly across the river in Serbia.Zvornik fortress Altitude and Location Kula Grad, a village that is part of Zvornik municipality, has a Middle Age fort, Zvornik fortress, built in the 12th century.

History Zvornik is first mentioned in 1410, although it was known as Zvonik ("bell tower") at that time. The town's geographic location has made it an important trade link between Bosnia and the east. For instance, the main road connecting Sarajevo and Belgrade runs through the city. The medieval fort known as Kula grad was built in the early 7th century and still stands on the Mlađevac mountainous range overlooking the Drina Valley.

Ottoman rule

During the Ottoman period, Zvornik was the capital of the Sanjak of Zvornik (an administrative region) within the Eyalet of Bosnia. This was primarily the case because of the city's crucial role in the economy and the strategic importance of the city's location. The Sanjak of Zvornik was one of six Ottoman sanjaks with most developed shipbuilding (besides the sanjaks of Vidin, Nicopolis, Požega, Smederevo and Mohač). In 1806, Zvornik was home to Mehmed-beg Kulenović.

Stojan Čupić (also known as Zmaj od Noćaja), one of the leaders of the First Serbian Uprising, was captured and murdered by the Turks in Zvornik in 1815. He was initially buried near the road from Zvornik to Tuzla, and his remains were moved to Salaš Noćajski in 1988.

World War II

Ustasha troops of the fascist Independent State of Croatia occupied Zvornik, along with most of Bosnia, in April 1941. The town was liberated in July 1943 by the 1st Proletarian Brigade during the Battle of Zvornik.

Bosnian war

During the Bosnian War (1992–1995) Zvornik's Bosniak population was expelled. The military attack of paramilitary groups that came from Serbia on Zvornik Bosniaks commenced on 8 April 1992.UN report on Zvornik During April 1992, many European news stations daily reported Serb armed attacks and mass killings of the Bosniak population of Zvornik and the surrounding villages.

On 19 May 1992, combined JNA, Serb paramilitary and Arkan's Tigers took control of Zvornik and Mali Zvornik. The suburbs of Karakaj and Čelopek were places of prisons where hundreds of local Bosniaks were killed. The remaining Bosniaks and non-Serbs were relegated to concentration camps and detention facilities throughout the area. During the war, Serb forces destroyed at least 26 mosques in and around the city.

Settlements Aside from the city proper area of Zvornik, the municipality comprises the following settlements:

Androvići Baljkovica Baljkovica Donja Boškovići Buložani Čelopek Cer Divič Donja Pilica Donji Lokanj Drinjača Dugi Dio Đevanje Đulići Glodi Glumina Goduš Gornja Pilica Gornji Lokanj Grbavci Donji Grbavci Gornji Gušteri Jardan Jasenica Jusići Kamenica Donja Kamenica Gornja Kiseljak Kitovnice Klisa Kostijerevo Kozluk Kraljevići Križevići Kučić Kula Kula Grad Liješanj Liplje Malešići Marčići Međeđa Mehmedići Nezuk Novo Selo Pađine Paljevići Petkovci Potočani Rastošnica Roćević Rožanj Sapna Skočić Snagovo Snagovo Donje Snagovo Gornje Sopotnik Šepak Donji Šepak Gornji Šetići Tabanci Trnovica Tršić Ugljari Vitinica Vrela Zaseok Zelinje

Demographics Population Population of settlements – Zvornik municipalitySettlement1879188518951910192119311948195319611971198119912013Total27,46834,94938,98647,75647,23347,32650,01153,63960,91060,91073,84581,29558,8561Androvići3192912Boškovići5835663Branjevo2,6944Buložani2413045Čelopek1,8961,8016Cer4267Đevanje3402798Divič1,3886379Donja Kamenica1,39197410Donja Pilica1,3041,17611Donji Lokanj1,4071,10012Donji Šepak44937913Dugi Dio34229614Đulići1,04369715Ekonomija1,36616Glodi1,26075917Glumina2,39999318Gornja Kamenica1,60962219Gornja Pilica1,10481620Gornje Snagovo1,23884221Gornji Grbavci93996222Gornji Lokanj90165823Gornji Šepak1,96489524Grbavci Donji1,05836325Jardan1,53256326Jasenica95087727Jošanica34028Jusići50027529Karakaj2,73130Kiseljak58033531Kitovnice62142232Klisa61732533Kostijerevo1,23050634Kozluk3,0171,54335Križevići2,3101,88836Kučić Kula97036637Kula Grad1,12057138Liplje42239Malešić73639840Novo Selo1,26262241Oraovac67442Pađine56051943Petkovci87732944Potočani34422945Roćević1,2351,22046Samari23047Šetići74148948Srednji Šepak31249Tabanci1,18084850Trnovica1,03365951Tršić2,0971,74452Ugljari60934553Ulice1,79554Zelinje52939755Zvornik4,3207,4835.4448,53812,14714,58412,674

Ethnic composition Ethnic composition – Zvornik city1971198119912013Total8,53812,14714,58412,674Bosniaks5,736 (67.18%)6,686 (55.04%)8,854 (60.71%)Serbs2,424 (28.39%)3,491 (28.74%)4,235 (29.04%)Yugoslavs24 (0.281%)1,597 (13.15%)944 (6.473%)Others141 (1.651%)72 (0.593%)475 (3.257%)Croats83 (0.972%)66 (0.543%)76 (0.521%)Roma49 (0.574%)135 (1.111%)Albanians26 (0.305%)48 (0.395%)Montenegrins27 (0.316%)35 (0.288%)Slovenes16 (0.187%)7 (0.058%)Macedonians3 (0.035%)6 (0.049%)Hungarians9 (0.105%)4 (0.033%)

Ethnic composition – Zvornik municipality1971198119912013Total60,91073,84581,29558,856Serbs27,769 (45.59%)30,064 (40.71%)30,863 (37.96%)38,579 (65.55%)Bosniaks32,504 (53.36%)40,801 (55.,25%)48,102 (59.17%)19,855 (33.73%)Others316 (0.519%)295 (0.399%)960 (1.181%)316 (0.537%)Croats107 (0.176%)104 (0.141%)122 (0.150%)106 (0.180%)Yugoslavs49 (0.080%)2,110 (2.857%)1,248 (1.535%)Roma49 (0.080%)335 (0.454%)Albanians31 (0.051%)58 (0.079%)Montenegrins44 (0.072%)47 (0.064%)Macedonians10 (0.016%)12 (0.016%)Slovenes18 (0.030%)12 (0.016%)Hungarians13 (0.021%)7 (0.009%)

Economy

The table shows the number of registered people employed in legal entities by their core activity in 2018: Activity TotalAgriculture, forestry and fishing80Mining and quarrying19Manufacturing3,176Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply186Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities173Construction665Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles1,444Transportation and storage603Accommodation and food services415Information and communication105Financial and insurance activities103Real estate activities12Professional, scientific and technical activities114Administrative and support service activities28Public administration and defense; compulsory social security688Education801Human health and social work activities665Arts, entertainment and recreation76Other service activities126Total9,479

Culture

The Cultural Summer of Zvornik (Zvorničko kulturno ljeto) is an annual event held in the first week of August, usually for six days. Its main objective is to become a traditional cultural event which will open the doors of Zvornik for recognized cultural values.

The festival was first held in August 2001 as a local event and has grown to be one of the biggest festivals in the Balkans.

In 2007, famous singers such as Neda Ukraden and Sandi Cenov participated, but in 2008 theis festival featured some of the most notable stars from former Yugoslavia, like Željko Joksimović, Hari Mata Hari, Van Gogh and Marinko Rokvić. There is also a regatta on the river Drina, a fun marathon and many cultural events and competitions during day and night.

International co-operation Zvornik is twinned with: Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia

Other friendships and cooperations, protocols, memorandums: Kolchugino, Russia

Sport The local football clubs, FK Drina Zvornik and ŽFK Drina Zvornik, play in the First League of the Republika Srpska.First league of RS 2017/18 Members of the First league of Republika Srpska also are volleyball and handball clubs Zvornik.

Notable people

Seka Aleksić, singer Ermin Bičakčić, footballer Rade Đokić, footballer Amer Hrustanović, sports wrestler, European medallist Said Husejinović, footballer Goran Ikonić, basketball player Zlatko Junuzović, Austrian footballer Samir Muratović, footballer Nada Obrić, singer Denis Omerbegović, footballer Borisav Pisić, athlete Sejad Salihović, footballer Alan Ibrahimagić, basketball coach

Zvornik

Bron en licentie