Homoeomma (eyelike, from Ancient Greek ὅμοιος, like, and ὄμμα, eye) is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871. It is considered a senior synonym of Calopelma, Butantania, and of Cyclothoracoides. These tarantulas are usually quite small and usually burrow a few centimeters under a rock or log.
Diagnosis Males of this genus can be distinguished by the tile-like apophysis on the base of the palpal bulb, and the embolus being in an obtuse angle, in relation to the bulb. Males also have a flexion of the metatarsus 1, which is between the branches of the tibial apophysis. Females can be distinguished by the spermatheca morphology, which lacks constriction in the apex.
Species it contains thirteen species, found in South America: Homoeomma brasilianum (Chamberlin, 1917) – Brazil Homoeomma chilense Montenegro & Aguilera, 2018 – Chile Homoeomma elegans (Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1958) – Argentina Homoeomma familiare Bertkau, 1880 – Brazil Homoeomma hirsutum (Mello-Leitão, 1935) – Brazil Homoeomma montanum (Mello-Leitão, 1923) – Brazil Homoeomma nigrum (Walckenaer, 1837) – Brazil Homoeomma orellanai Montenegro & Aguilera, 2018 – Chile Homoeomma peruvianum (Chamberlin, 1916) – Peru Homoeomma strabo (Simon, 1892) – Colombia, Brazil Homoeomma stradlingi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1881 (type) – Brazil Homoeomma uruguayense (Mello-Leitão, 1946) – Uruguay, Argentina Homoeomma villosum (Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil
In synonymy H. bicolor Sherwood, Gabriel & Longhorn, 2018 = Homoeomma chilense Montenegro & Aguilera, 2018 H. cyclothorax (Mello-Leitão, 1923) = Homoeomma montanum (Mello-Leitão, 1923) H. moreirae (Mello-Leitão, 1923) = Homoeomma brasilianum (Chamberlin, 1917) H. regina (Chamberlin, 1917) = Homoeomma strabo (Simon, 1892) H. serratum (Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1958) = Homoeomma uruguayense (Mello-Leitão, 1946)
Transferred to other genera Homoeomma alcirae Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1954 → Plesiopelma alcirae Homoeomma humile Vellard, 1924 → Bumba humilis Homoeomma pictum (Pocock, 1903) → Anqasha picta Homoeomma simoni Soares & Camargo, 1948 → Catanduba simoni
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