Demographic features of Djibouti include population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.

Population

Djibouti is a multiethnic country. As of 2024, it has a population of around 1,066, 809 inhabitants. Djibouti's population grew rapidly during the latter half of the 20th century, increasing from about 69,589 in 1955 to around 869,099 by 2015.

According to , the total population was in compared to 62,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 35.8%, 60.9% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.3% was 65 years or older. Total populationPopulation aged 0–14 (%)Population aged 15–64 (%)Population aged 65+ (%) 1950 62 00046.851.22.0 1955 70 00046.052.02.0 1960 85 00045.452.52.0 1965 117 00044.953.02.0 1970 162 00045.852.22.1 1975 224 00045.952.02.1 1980 340 00045.352.52.2 1985 403 00044.653.12.3 1990 562 00044.253.42.4 1995 627 00043.454.12.5 2000 732 00041.355.92.7 2005 808 00038.558.53.0 2010 889 00035.860.93.3

Age groupMaleFemaleTotal% Total 440 066 378 093 818 159 100 0–4 49 863 41 269 91 132 11.14 5–9 56 117 41 269 101 271 12.38 10–14 48 135 37 337 85 472 10.45 15–19 46 351 39 283 85 634 10.47 20–24 43 786 40 272 84 058 10.27 25–29 40 222 41 995 82 217 10.05 30–34 35 558 33 997 69 555 8.50 35–39 29 563 26 512 56 074 6.85 40–44 25 247 19 734 44 981 5.50 45–49 19 470 15 456 34 926 4.27 50–54 16 363 12 479 28 841 3.53 55–59 10 325 7 860 18 185 2.22 60–64 8 495 6 677 15 172 1.85 65+ 10 572 10 069 20 641 2.52Age group MaleFemaleTotalPercent 0–14 154 115 119 875 273 990 33.49 15–64 275 379 248 149 523 528 63.99 65+ 10 572 10 069 20 641 2.52

Age groupMaleFemaleTotal% Total 527 817 473 636 1 001 452 100 0–4 50 744 49 747 100 491 10.03 5–9 54 487 53 200 107 687 10.75 10–14 52 811 45 854 98 665 9.85 15–19 50 167 40 507 90 674 9.05 20–24 48 044 40 029 88 072 8.79 25–29 45 209 38 999 84 208 8.41 30–34 42 445 38 723 81 168 8.11 35–39 39 077 36 798 75 874 7.58 40–44 34 761 32 809 67 570 6.75 45–49 29 881 28 056 57 936 5.79 50–54 24 442 21 937 46 379 4.63 55–59 19 309 16 508 35 817 3.58 60–64 14 340 11 888 26 229 2.62 65–69 9 975 8 077 18 053 1.80 70–74 6 260 5 158 11 418 1.14 75–79 3 444 2 953 6 397 0.64 80+ 2 421 2 393 4 814 0.48Age group MaleFemaleTotalPercent 0–14 158 042 148 801 306 843 30.64 15–64 347 675 306 254 653 929 65.30 65+ 22 100 18 581 40 681 4.06

Projections The following are UN medium variant projections; numbers are in thousands: 2025 1,166 2030 1,262 2035 1,356 2040 1,447 2045 1,535 2050 1,619

Vital statistics Registration of vital events in Djibouti is incomplete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. PeriodLive births per yearDeaths per yearNatural change per yearCBR*CDR*NC*TFR*IMR* 1950-1955 3 000 2 000 1 00050.028.321.77.80222 1955-1960 4 000 2 000 2 00050.725.725.07.80203 1960-1965 5 000 2 000 3 00051.223.827.47.80185 1965-1970 7 000 3 000 4 00050.321.628.67.60169 1970-1975 9 000 4 000 5 00047.819.428.47.20154 1975-1980 13 000 5 000 8 00045.217.427.86.80141 1980-1985 16 000 6 000 11 00044.015.528.66.60125 1985-1990 21 000 7 000 14 00043.114.528.66.40117 1990-1995 24 000 8 000 16 00040.113.426.75.85109 1995-2000 23 000 8 000 15 00034.412.222.25.11100 2000-2005 24 000 9 000 15 00031.211.319.94.5291 2005-2010 25 000 9 000 16 00029.410.518.93.9582 * CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Life expectancy PeriodLife expectancy in Years1950–195541.041955–1960 42.95 1960–1965 45.181965–1970 47.35 1970–1975 50.90 1975–1980 52.55 1980–1985 54.67 1985–1990 56.121990–1995 57.021995–2000 57.022000–2005 57.29 2005–2010 59.052010–2015 61.62

Ethnic groups

The two largest ethnic groups native to Djibouti are the Somali (61%) and the Afar (34%). The Somali clan component is mainly composed of the Issa. The remaining 5% of Djibouti's population primarily consists of Arabs, Ethiopians and Europeans (French and Italians).

In addition, as of 2021, 4,000 American troops, 1,350 French troops, 600 Japanese troops, 400 Chinese troops, and an unknown number of German troops are stationed at various bases throughout Djibouti. Approximately 76% of local residents are urban dwellers; the remainder are pastoralists.

Languages

Djibouti is a multilingual nation. The majority of local residents speak Afar(850,000 speakers in Djibouti city, Dikhil tajora (tagori ), Ali Sabieh) and Somali (100,000 speakers) as a first language. These languages are the mother tongues of the Afar and Somali ethnic groups, respectively. Both languages belong to the larger Afroasiatic family. There are 2 official languages in Djibouti: Arabic and French.

Arabic is of religious importance. In formal settings, it consists of Modern Standard Arabic. Colloquially, about 59,000 local residents speak the Ta'izzi-Adeni Arabic dialect, also known as Djibouti Arabic. French serves as a statutory national language. It was inherited from the colonial period, and is the primary language of instruction. Around 17,000 Djiboutians speak it as a first language. Immigrant languages include Omani Arabic (38,900 speakers), Amharic (1,400 speakers), Greek (1,000 speakers) and Hindi (600 speakers).

Religion 94% of Djiboutians are Sunni Muslim, the remaining 6% are mostly Christian, and there are a few mostly foreign-born residents who are Shia Muslim, Hindu, Jewish, Bahá'í, or atheist.

References

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