Haqq–Muhammad–Ali is a doctrine of mystical communion in Alevism that involves Haqq ('Truth', referring to the divine nature of Allah), Muhammad ('Yol' or sunnah, referring to the jem), and Ali (Nūr, referring to the Awliya).
The concept of Ittihad in Alevism
In Alevi thought, there are three creative principles: the latent breath called Haqq or Allah; the prototypal human, who is made up of active and passive principles called Yol, Sunnah, or Muhammad (the Jem); and the divine light called Nur, which is expressed as Ali. Communion (ittihad) in Alevism is not comparable with the Christian Trinity, whose three personas are the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, nor with the Hindu tritheistic Trimurti of Brahma, Shiva and Vishnu, and not with polytheistic ancient Egypt in Osiris, Isis and Horus,The Mythological Trinity or Triad Osiris, Horus and Isis, Wikicommons[Manfred Lurker, Lexikon der Götter und Symbole der alten Ägypter, Scherz 1998, p. 214f one cannot accurately depict such examples as being representative of the Haqq–Muhammad–Ali communion (ittihad), since according to Alevi or Bektashi beliefs (wahdat al-mawjud), only Allah is a real entity, Muhammad and Ali being simple manifestations of the way (Yol) and the light (Noor) of Allah (Haqq) and not of Allah himself, hence they are neither equal to it nor separate independent entities.Imaginal worlds, William Chiittick(1994), pg.53Souad Hakim – Unity of Being in Ibn 'ArabîIbn al-'Arabi, Muhyi al-Din (1164–1240)
See also Ghulat Proto-Indo-Iranian religion Proto-Indo-European religion Religious humanism Sufism Trinity
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